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Frame

创建第一个Frame

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package com.ajream.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        /*窗口标题*/
        Frame frame = new Frame("Title");

        frame.setSize(400, 400);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(114, 72, 173));
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        frame.setResizable(false);   /*使大小固定*/
    }
}


将Frame的创建打包成类使用

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package com.ajream.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame frame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.BLUE);
        MyFrame frame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.GREEN);
        MyFrame frame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.YELLOW);
        MyFrame frame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.PINK);
    }
}

//封装成类
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;

    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color){
        super("Myframe" + (++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setSize(w, h);
        setLocation(x, y);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}


image-20210918192418585

面板 panel

panel需要放在Frame上

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Frame frame = new Frame();
Panel panel = new Panel();
frame.add(panel);

监听事件

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frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
    @Override
    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
        //super.windowClosing(e);
        System.exit(0);
    }

});
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package com.ajream.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

public class TestPanel {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame frame = new Frame();

//            布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

//        设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

//        frame坐标
        frame.setBounds(400, 500, 400, 400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

//        设置panel坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 300, 300);
        panel.setBackground(Color.GREEN);

        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

//        监听事件
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//                super.windowClosing(e);
                System.exit(0);
            }

        });

    }



}

image-20210918192224269

布局管理器

流式布局(默认使用)-FlowLayout

使用布局(自动按照规则排列，如果是 FlowLayout.LEFT 则从左向右排)

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//new FlowLayout() 参数有 FlowLayout.LEFT。 FlowLayout.CENTER, RIGHT...
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

例子

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package com.ajream.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        frame.setBounds(400, 500, 500, 500);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBackground(Color.magenta);

//        流式布局
//        new FlowLayout() 参数有 FlowLayout.LEFT。 FlowLayout.CENTER, RIGHT...
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
    }
}

image-20210918200305079

东西南北中-BorderLayout

image-20210919162847370

布局使用

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frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

Button btn1 = new Button("东");
Button btn2 = new Button("西");
Button btn3 = new Button("南");
Button btn4 = new Button("北");
Button btn5 = new Button("中");

frame.add(btn1, BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(btn2, BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(btn3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(btn4, BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(btn5, BorderLayout.CENTER);

例子

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package com.ajream.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBoderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        frame.setBounds(400, 500, 500, 500);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBackground(Color.magenta);

//        东西南北中布局(贴着边界摆放组件)
        frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        Button btn1 = new Button("东");
        Button btn2 = new Button("西");
        Button btn3 = new Button("南");
        Button btn4 = new Button("北");
        Button btn5 = new Button("中");

        frame.add(btn1, BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(btn2, BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(btn3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(btn4, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(btn5, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    }
}

image-20210918201011515

表格布局-GridLayout

布局使用

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//表格布局（2行3列）
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,3));

Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

frame.add(btn1);
frame.add(btn2);
frame.add(btn3);
frame.add(btn4);
frame.add(btn5);
frame.add(btn6);

例子

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package com.ajream.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        frame.setBounds(400, 500, 500, 500);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBackground(Color.magenta);

//        表格布局（2行3列）
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,3));

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);
    }
}

image-20210918201536196

练习

做一个类似下面的界面

image-20210918195042885

构思：在Frame上添加4个panel

image-20210918202434569

代码实现

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package com.ajream.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class ExerciseLayout {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));

        Panel p1 = new Panel();
        Panel p2 = new Panel();
        Panel p3 = new Panel();
        Panel p4 = new Panel();


        p3.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        p3.add(new Button("p3_btn1"));
        p3.add(new Button("p3_btn2"));
        p1.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        p1.add(new Button("p1_btn1"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        p1.add(new Button("p1_btn2"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(p3, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        p4.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2));
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("p4_btn"+(i+1)));
        }
        p2.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        p2.add(new Button("p2_btn1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2_btn2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p2.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

//      把p1, p2添加到frame
        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p2);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }


}

image-20210918203610240

事件监听

事件：实现了 ActionListener接口的类

ActionListener只有一个方法：void actionPerformed

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class MyEvent implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("点击了btn");
    }
}

参数e表示某个组件触发的事件

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class MyEvent implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("msg => " + e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

监听事件

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button.addActionListener(new MyEvent());

例子：

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package com.ajream.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setBounds(200, 300, 300, 300);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });


        Button button1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button button2 = new Button("btn2");
        button1.setActionCommand("点击了btn1");
        button2.setActionCommand("点击了btn2");

        MyEvent myEvent = new MyEvent();
        button1.addActionListener(myEvent);
        button2.addActionListener(myEvent);

        frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

class MyEvent implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("msg ==> " + e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

image-20210918212904619

更新于：2024年9月22日

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